We want to invite you to give your voice to the 17,500 tree species that are under threat. We are collecting audio recordings, compiling and overlapping them, to create a tapestry of voices that will be the audio element of the installation.
Whichever way you can participate would be appreciated:
1) You could record yourself reading out loud the name of an endangered tree species and their status from one of the lists or databases (e.g. Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi Pine) – Critically Endangered). Here is an example recording:
We will use these recordings for the installation. Just chose a tree species or several, it could be from your country or from any other part of the world. Look through some of their stories and why they are threatened and find the ones that resonates with you the most.
You can record your voice right here, on our website, or you could send us the recording which you made on your mobile phone or any other device at project10000plus@gmail.com
2) You could also do this recording next to any living, breathing tree. It might be in a park, in nature or in the middle of the city. We would love to hear all the sounds in its surroundings, whether it be wind and birds or heavy city traffic.
3) It would be absolutely great if you would manage to find an endangered or threatened tree in the collections of botanic gardens and do the recording next to that tree. Step by step we will try to provide more information to help you but of course it would be wonderful if you also research and share anything useful or interesting you find. Maybe someone else in your area would also be up for the challenge so tell us if you want to team up and we’ll try to put you in contact.
4) And for the most adventurous and dedicated ones: you could set out to try to find an endangered or threatened tree in its geo-location. Of course you shouldn’t just rush out into the wilderness, it will require serious research and preparation so that you are safe and the endangered trees and their natural habitat is not hurt in any way. You have to consider that even if some information on the geo-location and coordinates is available the trees could be located in a protected area of limited access, difficult or dangerous terrain, or private property. Another very important consideration is that some of these trees could be very vulnerable, for example to mold that could be accidentally brought and spread from other areas or tree species. But if all is well planned (and we would love to help with this process) it could be really exciting.
We will continue adding more threatened trees to the list in this page, but you are more than welcome to have a look directly at the databases we refer to below or any others that you might know of. In that case please share it and let us know if you want us to add some particular trees to our expanding list.
We used several databases to compile our list of endangered trees. We used the “World list of threatened trees” and globaltrees.org to find candidates and then searched them on the “Global Biodiversity Information Facility” (gbif.org). On GBIF we accessed coordinates of archived occurrences, the IUCN page on that species for its Status, as well as Photographs taken by Collaborators at iNaturalist.org. We also used some photographs from globaltrees.org for the trees we found there. We took our descriptions of the species’ conditions from summarizing what was said in the “World list of threatened trees“, globaltrees.org as well as the threats they face as written in iucnredlist.org
Australia
Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi Pine) – Critically Endangered
It is found only in two sites within what is now Wollemi National Park, in New South Wales. Wollemia nobilis has been named a ‘living fossil’ or a ‘dinosaur tree’ because it represents the only remaining member of an ancient genus, dating back to the time of the dinosaurs. It still has many features left from that era, such as: “polar caps” which would have protected them in the ice ages, a form of vegetative reproduction useful against natural disasters and unfortunately suspectible to infections. Changing Climate patterns also provide a threat to this archaic species.
Eucalyptus morrisbyi (Morrisby’s Gum) – Critically endangered
This Species only survives in two groups in southern Tasmania dangerously close to the capital Hobart. It is living proof of how quickly the numbers of endangered trees can decrease. When i saw it listed on the database “The World List of Theatened Trees” an analysis of the species from 1988 counted more than 2000 trees and gave it the status “Endangered”. Today IUCN classifies it as Critically Endangered and estimate there to be only around 20 trees left. A decrease in population of 99% over one human generation. The greatest threat has been agriculture and the fact that they lie on private land making conservation difficult.
- 42.9S, 147.4E
- 42.8S, 147.5E
- 43.0S, 147.5E
- 42.9s, 147.5E
Bermuda
Elaeodendron laneanum (Bermuda Olivewood) – Endangered
It is found on rocky upland hillsides on the east side of the island. there are 809 mature trees but the number is declining due to Residential and commercial development and invasive species & diseases. There is currently no Action recovery plan, however it is planted in gardens as a conservation initiative
- 32.2N, 64.7W
- 32.2N, 64.8W
- 32.3N, 64.7W
Zanthoxylum flavum – vulnerable
The species has been heavily exploited for its timber over a long period on all the West Indian islands. Stands are now largely depleted of mature trees and the timber is extremely rare in international trade
- 32.2N, 64.7W
- 32.3N, 64.6W
- 32.4N, 64.6W
Brasil
Dimorphandra wilsonii (Faveiro – de – Wilson) – Critically Endangered
The faveiro-de-wilson is an extremely rare Brazilian tree found only in the southeastern state of Minas Gerais. When it was assessed for the IUCN red list in 2006, only 10 adult individuals were known. However, after a 8 year search led by scientists another 219 adult trees were found. It is still categorized as CR because its habitat is fragmented, declining, not protected and dangerously close to cattle ranches and urban areas. Futhermore, the trees also have problems with seed dispersal. Its possible that they evolved around big animals, but since lowland tapirs are also threatened now, there is nothing around but, ironically, the habitat destroying cows.
- 19.6S, 44.5W
- 19.5S, 44.7W
- 19.6S, 44.6W
- 19.5S, 44.2W
- 19.1S, 45.0W
Paubrasilia echinata (Pau Brazil) – Endangered
The pau brasil is the national tree of Brazil, the country to which it gave its name. The species is only found within several remnants of the Atlantic Coastal Forest. The species also has played a significant role in Brazil’s social and economic history. A dye, taken from the tree’s heartwood, has been exploited by collectors, known as brasileiros, since 1501. It also provides an immensely valuable, and almost indestructible, timber used to manufacture bows for stringed instruments, for construction and to make traditional hunting tools. The exploitation of the timber has continued, especially for bow manufacture: No comparable substitute material is known and it is seen as an essential material to bow-making.
- 22.9S, 43.5W
- 22.8S, 43.5W
- 23.0S, 43.2W
- 23.0S, 43.3W
- 8.0S, 34.9W
Swietenia macrophylla (Big-Leaf Mahogany – Vulnerable
The Big-leafed mahogany is a giant tree found in both wet and dry tropical forests in Central America and within Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru and Venezuela in South America. It is named after its huge leaves which can grow to a length of over 50 cm. The species is more famous however for its rich, red timber which has many valuable uses. Over -exploitation has led to population declines of 70% since the 1950s. being such a valuable asset in the region means that trade in its timber is very unlikely to cease.
- 22.8S, 43.4W
- 5.6S, 50.6W
- 9.3S, 36.3W
- 9.9S, 56.1W
- 10.3S, 55.3W
- 13.0s, 38.5W
Canada
Pinus Albicaulis (White Bark Pine) – Endangered
Spread widely through parts of South western Canada and the Rocky Mountains in the USA. Infestations of the introduced rust, Cronartium ribicola, have caused population reductions of 80 to 90%. Climate change as well as climate induced wildfires and fire suppression also threatens this species
Location: Coordinates in Canada
51.1N , 115.4W
49.1N, 114.1W
51.2N, 116.1W
49.7N, 116.0W
51.2N, 115.5W
52.7N, 118.1W
49.8N, 117.2W
49.5N, 121.0W
49.3N, 116.8W
50.2N, 114.9W
50.2N, 114.8W
51.1N, 115.6W
Taxus Brevifolia (Pacific Yew) – Near Threatened
Located in National Parks in the North-West, native populations have been under considerable pressure from the scale of exploitation of the bark by pharmaceutical companies. Logging and pulp plantations also threaten them.
48.5N, 123.4W
48.6N, 123.3W
48.5N, 123.3W
48.3N, 123.6W
49.3N, 124.3W
49.7N, 125.1W
49.3N, 122.9W
49.2N, 123.2W
Chile
Araucaria araucana (monkey puzzle) – Endangered
The Monkey Puzzle is Chile’s national tree and used as an ornamental plant in Europe and the USA. Found in chile in two populations in the Andes and on the coast, as well as in Argentina, this evergreen conifer can live up to 2,000 years. In Chile it has great has great historical and cultural significance as the seeds form an important food source for the indigenous Pehuenche people and the wood is highly prized. The Monkey puzzle is threaten by the loss of its habitat to agriculture and fires which at some point destroyed 50% of its habitat. This fires have been mainly caused by climate change and volcanism in the area.
China
Pinus squamata (Qiaojia Pine) – Critically Endangered
The Qiaojia pine is an incredibly rare species, referred to in some cases as the world’s most endangered pine. The species grows in secondary forest and grassland at relatively high altitudes, the current population is restricted to a mountain slope in Yunnan China. There are only about 20 mature individuals left in a single isolated group, meaning they are susceptible to freak climatic and genetic events. Another problem is that the surrounding area is prone to the effects of climate change such as wildfires, changes in conditions and polution.
- 27.0N, 103.1E
Ostrya rehderiana (Zhejiang Hop-hornbeam) – Critically Endangered
Ostrya rehderiana is endemic to China and found only in the western part of Tianmu Mountain (Mount Xitianmu) in the Zhejiang Province. Only 5 mature trees are known to exist within a 0.04 kilometers squared area. All of of them have suffered damage to their bark and branches suggesting human disturbance as a cause of their decline. They are also threatened by competition with other plants and their low genetic diversity.
- 30.4N, 119.4E
Abies ziyuanensis (Ziyuan Fir) – Endangered
The Ziyuan fir typically reaches a height of 20 to 25 metres and is typically found at high altitudes between 1400-1800m in 3 areas in southern china. Its numbers have decreased a lot due to heavy logging in the past although some new trees were found after a recount. Another problem now is that natural regeneration is low. The reason for this might be that males and females are failing to flower at the same time (possibly a side effect of climate change). This species is also threatened by lifestock ranching and the abundance of mudslides in the area.
- 26.4N, 113.8E
- 26.0N, 110.6E
- 26.4N, 110.9E
Egypt
Medemia argun – Vulnerable
The Argoun palm is an extremely rare tree species from the nubian desert which can only survive in oases with ground water. Historically it had an important ceremonial status with the ancient egyptians and seemed to have been quite widespread. However, during the 20th century, it was thought extinct in the wild. Its tremendous decrease of numbers may be attributed to its habitat being destroyed by desertification and its leaves, fruits and wood being commonly used by native populations. Climate change will only make the first threat more serious.
- 25.8N, 32.7E
- 23.4N, 31.6E
- 22.2N, 34.2E
Dracaena ombet (Nubian dragon tree) Endangered
Germany
Sorbus badensis (Baden Flourberry) – Vulnerable
With 800 mature trees left, this Species is Endemic to the states of Bayern and Baden- Württemberg in southern Germany. It originated from a cross between S. graeca and S. torminalis, and uses apomictic (asexual) reproduction methods. Modifications of its ecosystem provide the biggest threat to Sorbus badensis
- 49.8N, 9.7E
- 49.8N, 9.8E
- 49.8N, 9.9E
- 49.7N, 9.6E
- 49.8N, 9.7E
- 49.7N, 9.7E
- 49.8N, 9.6E
- 49.8N, 9.7E
- 50.0N, 9.8E
- 49.9N, 9.8E
Sorbus psuedothurigiaca – Endangered
There are only 200 mature trees left, confined to an area of less than 200 square kilometers in the mountain range of Frankische Alb in the state of Bavaria. originating from a cross between S. aria and S. aucuparia, It (like Sorbus badensis) uses apomitic (asexual) reproduction methods. although its population seem to be stable, this species is threatened by modifications to its ecosystem.
- 49.6N, 11.5E
- 49.6N, 11.3E
- 49.4N, 11.5E
- 49.7N, 11.4E
- 49.7N, 11.3E
India
Taxus Contorta (West Himalayan Yew – endangered
The West Himalayan Yew (Taxus contorta) has suffered a recent population decline of at least 50% over the whole of its range including China, Pakistan, Afganistan in addition to india. In each different cultural context, people have found a variety of different uses for this tree. In each different cultural context, people have found a variety of different uses for this tree. The bark, leaves and twigs have a range of traditional medicinal uses but, like its close relative T. chinensis, it’s also used for the commercial production of Taxol, a key anti-cancer drug.
Arenga wightii – Endangered
A monocarpic palm of dense forest, occurring on slopes between 150 and 1000m. It is threatened by logging activities and increasing settlement and agriculture.
- 8.8N, 77.2E
- 8.8N, 77.3E
- 14.9N, 74.8E
- 11.8N, 75.9E
- 12.9N, 75.6E
- 11.5N, 76.4E
Indonesia
eusideroxylon zwageri (Ironwood) – Vulnerable
Ironwood is a timber tree, which can grow to about 50m and live up to 1000 years, found across the Malesian region of Southeast Asia. The Bornean ironwood has some of the hardest and most durable timbers in the world.The species is also valued for cultural reasons. The Dayak people, from Borneo, believe the tree protects them from dangerous animals. Logging and the trade in timber has led to serious declines
- 6.5S, 106.7E
- 2.7S, 107.8E
- 1.5S, 110.3E
Dipterocarpus littoralis (Pelahlar) – Critically Endangered
The pelahlar is a member of the magnificent dipterocarp family – a group of colossal trees that dominate rainforests across Southeast Asia. It is found only on Nusakambangan, a small prison island near Java that has become an unlikely haven for some of Indonesia’s rarest wildlife. There are thought to be just 47 trees left and due to its slow regeneration and continued logging that number is decreasing.
- 5.7S, 104.4E
- 7.8S, 108.9E
Italy
Zelkova sicula – Critically Endangered
Zelkova sicula is a relict species from the Tertiary period. Endemic to Sicily, it is considered one of the rarest and most endangered woody species in the world. Secluded in two small populations, this species suffers from disfunctional polen reproduction and low genetic diversity. It is even possible that all the known trees have one common ancestor. Uncontrolled grazing and climate change induced droughts also threaten this species. Zelkova sicula still isn’t legally protected
- 37.2N, 15.0E
- 37.2N, 14.9E
- 37.1N, 14.9E
Abies nebrodensis (Sicilian Fir) – Critically endangered
Endemic to sicily, this tree species had only under 20 mature trees left in one location and facing threats from logging, fires and difficult reproduction. However, through a sucessfull propagation campaign, the number has risen to 25
- 37.8N, 14.0E
Japan
Betula chichibuensis( Chichibu birch) – Critically endangered
Pinus amamiana( Amami Pine) Endangered
Kenya
Vitex keniensis (Meru Oak) – Endangered
The Meru oak is a deciduous tree capable of growing to a height of 35 m. Found only in Kenya, it occurs naturally in lower and upper montane forests and on thicketed, rocky hills from 1200 to 2100 m. It is threatened by Agriculture and timber production but could be replanted on a big scale due to its speed of growth.
1.3S, 36.8E 1.4S, 36.8E 0.3S, 37.6E 0.6S, 37.7E 0.7S, 37.0E 0.8S, 36.8E |
Gigasiphon macrosiphon – Critically endangered
Found in moist coastal forest of Kenya and Tanzania, this tree can grows between 12-20m tall. This tree was once feared extinct until 1990 when the tree was rediscovered. the flowers can span 8 inches and have great ornamental value. The trees are threatened from logging and the extraction of minerals
4.3S, 39.5E 4.4S, 39.5E 4.4S, 39.5E 4.2S, 39.6E |
Lebanon
Cedrus libani (Lebanese Cedar) – Vulnerable
Lebanese Cedar is an evergreen conifer which is found in the mountainous east mediterenean basin. It has great cultural and historical value in lebanon, being the national emblem and the foundation of the seafaring of the phoenecians. This history of intense logging still threatens the species today
33.9N, 35.9E
Philippines
Anisoptera thurifera ssp. thurifera – Critically Endangered
The species, as a whole,
represents the only dipterocarp which readily reinvades
cultivated land. The subspiecies anisoptera thurifera ssp. thurifera is endemic to the philipines and is found growing in the evergreen and semievergreen dipterocarp forests. it is rated CR because of the scale of its habitat loss
Sindora supa – Vulnerable
Primarily found in the Philippine islands of Luzon and Mindoro, this species is known locally for its wood and wood-oil. it is threatened by the harvesting of its woods and lifestock ranching.
- 13.9N, 122.2E
- 16.8N, 122.4E
South Africa
Aloidendron dichotomum (quiver tree) – Vulnerable
Aloidendron dichotomum which can grow up to 9m tall is found in very dry habitats in Namibia and South Africa. These trees are used for various purposes. The English name, Quiver tree, refers to the use of its hollowed branches by the San people to make quivers for their arrows. Medicinally, the roots can be used to treat asthma and tuberculosis. These trees are used for various purposes. Aloidendron dichotomum is protected by law in South Africa, preventing the removing of plants from the wild or collecting of seeds without a permit. However, it is also threatened very directly by climate change. The tree’s habitat’s temperature has risen drastically leading to heat deaths.
- 33.0S, 25.9E
- 29.3S, 19.4E
- 29.3S, 19.5E
- 29.2S, 19.6E
- 29.2S, 19.5E
Warburgia salutaris (Pepper-bark Tree) – Endangered
Warburgia salutaris resides in forests in South Africa and can grow up to 10m tall. The name ‘salutaris’ means health giving, referencing its many medicinal properties. Such as: used to treat malaria, Stomach ulcers, coughs and skin irritation among others. To supply the medicinal trade, the bark of theese trees is often peeled off. The tree, with its slow regeneration, is also threatened by logging and agricultural developemennt. It is already EW in Zimbabwe and CR in Eswatini.
- 29.5S, 31.1E
- 28.2S, 32.0E
- 24.5S, 31.0E
- 29.7S, 31.0E
- 27.4S, 31.2E
- 22.9S, 29.6E
Spain
Dracaena draco (Canary Islands Dragon Tree) – Vulnerable
Dracaena draco can be found on the canary, cape verde and Azores islands aswell as morroco. Like its close relative the socotran dragon tree it has played an important role in history and several cultures. The Guanche people of the Canary Islands used the sap in their mummification processes. In Ancient Rome, ‘sangre de drago’ was used as a colorant. It also features in the greek mythology where it springs up from the blood of a dragon, leading to its name. Across Europe it has been used as a varnish and anti-oxidant for iron tools. These forms of direct human exploitation are not the only source of the decrease in numbers of Dracaena draco however. Geological and meteorological disturbance,much of which has been exacerbated by climate change, is also a serious threat. Finally the tree relied on its fruits being the staple food of an endemic bird which became extinct 500 years ago. It is possible that digestion of the seeds by this bird helped them germinate, so now the process has to be done artificially
- 28.6N, 16.2W
Prunus lusitanica – Endangered
Widely scattered in moist forest enclaves in the Iberian Peninsula and in humid ravines in the north of the Rif Mountains in Morocco, the species represents a relict component of a Tertiary ecosystem which has retreated with the drying of the climate
- 43.1N, 3.1W
- 43.3N, 3.4W
- 43.2N, 2.7W
Russia
Quercus Imeretina – vulnerable
A rare tree endemic to Kokhida in western Georgia, with a small part of the range extending into Russia along the Black Sea coast. The population is declining through felling and agriculture. The wood is considered a valuable timber.
Location: 43.8N, 39.7E coordinates of Quercus Imeretina in Russia
Chosenia arbutifolia – Vulnerable
This species has a monotypic genus, it is found across south-eastern Siberia, Northern China and Korea Although occurring over a wide range, the species is confined to lowland forest and is in severe decline because of loss and degradation of this habitat.
- 43.2N, 133.4E
- 44.4N, 125.7E
- 45.3N, 126.2E
- 55.7N, 134.6E
UK
cotoneaster cambricus (Wild Cotoneaster)- Critically endangered
It grows on isolated and exposed cliff edges on the massive carboniferous limestone headland of the Great Orme in Caernarvonshire, Wales. This species was first discovered in the eighteenth century when it was described as being widely distributed in its current location. However, the plant attracted Victorian plant collectors and this together with over-grazing by rabbit, sheep and goats led to it being believed to be extinct, until a small population of six remaining individuals was discovered
- 53.3N, 3.9W
- 51.5N, 3.9W
- 51.8N, 4.2W
- 51.4N, 2.6W
- 53.4N, 1.5W
- 55.8N, 3.3W
- 54.3N, 4.4W
- 54.2N, 4.4W
Sorbus pseudofennica (Arran service tree)- Critically endangered
It is found only to the north of the Isle of Arran. The species is thought to evolved in isolation on the island since the last glaciation nearly 11,500 years ago, and have been a component of local woodland for thousands of years. Currently the species has habitat range of just 16 kilometers squared and is threatened mainly by habitat loss
- 51.5N, 2.5W
- 55.7N, 5.3W
USA
Abies fraseri (Fraser’s fir) – Endangered
The Fraser Fir is considered one of the most popular varieties of Christmas tree in the USA. Endemic to the USA, this species is found only on the highest slopes and summits of the Appalachian Mountains in southwestern Virginia, western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. These populations are susceptible to destruction by windfall and fire which have been made worse by climate change
- 36.1N, 82.1W
- 35.3N, 82.9W
- 35.6N, 82.3W
- 35.8N, 82.3W
- 35.3N, 82.8W
- 35.6N, 83.5W
Sequoiadendron giganteum (Giant Redwood) – Endangered
Logging of this species took place until the 1920s but being fibrous and brittle the wood had limited uses. The Giant Redwood is now restricted to a limited area of the western Sierra Nevada, California. Giant Redwoods are famous for being the most massive trees on earth. The species is having difficulty reproducing in its natural habitat because seeds only grow in full sun, mineral-rich soils and areas free from competing vegetation. Periodic wildfire is required to clear competing vegetation and to dry and open their cones. Climate change has changed the patterns and strength of natural wildfires leading to wildfires which are too potent and fire-suppresion to counter them
36.6N, 118.8W |
Quercus georgiana (Georgia Oak) – Endangered
The Georgia Oak is endemic to the southeast United States, occurring in Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina. This species has ornamental value aswell as providing food for wildlife. Tourism and Climate change induced Droughts threaten the granite outcrops which are its habitat. Q. georgiana is an ‘exceptional species’ – this means its seeds cannot be stored in seedbanks, making conservation and research efforts all the more urgent.
- 33.7N, 84.1W
- 33.7N, 83.9W
- 33.8N, 83.8W
- 33.6N, 84.0W
- 33.8N, 84.2W
- 34.0N, 84.0W
- 32.8N, 84.7W
- 33.9N, 84.1W
- 33.7N, 84.0W